For example, define models:

[EntitySet("Vehicles")]
[DataServiceKey("Id")]
public class Vehicle
{
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public string Model { get; set; }

    public string Name { get; set; }

    public virtual int WheelCount { get; set; }
}

[EntitySet("Cars")]
[DataServiceKey("Id")]
public class Car : Vehicle
{
    public override int WheelCount
    {
        get
        {
            return 4;
        }
    }

    public int SeatingCapacity { get; set; }
}

Build model:

        ODataConventionModelBuilder builder = new ODataConventionModelBuilder();
        builder.EntitySet<Vehicle>("Vehicles");
        builder.EntitySet<Car>("Cars");

        return builder.GetEdmModel();

Send data back to server:
DataServiceContext ctx = new DataServiceContext(new Uri(this.BaseAddress));

        ctx.AddObject("Vehicles", new Car() { SeatingCapacity = 5 });
        ctx.SaveChanges();

Get exception on server side:
Microsoft.Data.OData.ODataException occurred
HResult=-2146233079
Message=The property 'SeatingCapacity' does not exist on type 'WebStack.QA.Test.OData.Formatter.Vehicle'. Make sure to only use property names that are defined by the type.
Source=Microsoft.Data.OData
StackTrace:

   at Microsoft.Data.OData.ReaderValidationUtils.ValidateValuePropertyDefined(String propertyName, IEdmStructuredType owningStructuredType, ODataMessageReaderSettings messageReaderSettings, Boolean& ignoreProperty)

InnerException: